PAK NAVY FMT Chemistry Quiz 5
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#1. The industrial process used for manufacturing sulfuric acid is:
#2. Which acid is known as the ‘King of Chemicals’?
#3. Aqua regia is a mixture of concentrated HCl and HNO3 in the ratio:
#4. Aqua regia can dissolve noble metals like:
#5. Halogen with the highest electron affinity is:
#6. Halogen that exists as a solid at room temperature is:
#7. The color of chlorine gas is:
#8. The color of iodine vapors is:
#9. Which halogen is a dark red liquid at room temperature?
#10. Fractional distillation of crude oil separates components based on differences in:
#11. Which isotope is used in carbon dating?
#12. Which radioisotope is used in the treatment of thyroid cancer?
#13. Which radioisotope is used in radiotherapy for treating cancer tumors?
#14. The term ‘Isomerism’ refers to compounds having same molecular formula but different:
#15. Ethanol and dimethyl ether are examples of:
#16. Compound used as an anesthetic in medicine is:
#17. Tears gas contains chemical compound:
#18. Chemical formula of laughing gas (nitrous oxide) is:
#19. Formula of washing soda crystal is:
#20. Formalin is a 40% aqueous solution of:
#21. Vinegar is a 4-8% solution of which acid in water?
#22. Ant sting contains which acid?
#23. Acid present in sour milk or yogurt is:
#24. Acid present in citrus fruits like lemons and oranges is:
#25. Acid present in grapes and tamarind is:
#26. The chemical formula of ozone is:
#27. Which block elements are known as representative elements?
#28. Electronegativity decreases down a group due to increase in:
#29. Ionization energy generally across a period from left to right:
#30. The element having highest ionization energy is:
FMT CHEMISTRY REVISION
Chemistry Quiz 5: Solutions, Mixtures and Separation Techniques
Learn how mixtures form, how solutions work, and which techniques separate different substances.
Explore Solutions and Mixtures
Welcome to the fifth article in this Pak Navy FMT Chemistry Quiz series. This lesson focuses on solutions, mixtures, solutes, solvents, concentration, and separation techniques. It is designed to support students who are revising fundamental chemistry concepts for the Pakistan Navy Female Medical Technician initial test.
Solutions and mixtures are part of everyday life. Salt water, air, and mixtures of solid materials all provide useful examples for understanding how substances combine without necessarily forming new chemical compounds.
Topics in This Article
- Homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
- Solutes and solvents
- Solutions and concentration
- Solubility basics
- Filtration, evaporation, and distillation
What Is a Mixture?
A mixture contains two or more substances physically combined. The substances in a mixture retain their chemical identities and can often be separated by physical methods.
Homogeneous mixture: A mixture with a uniform composition throughout, such as salt dissolved in water.
Heterogeneous mixture: A mixture whose composition is not uniform throughout, such as sand mixed with water.
Solute and Solvent
Solute
The substance dissolved in a solution. For example, salt is the solute in salt water.
Solvent
The substance that dissolves the solute. Water is the solvent in ordinary salt water.
Understanding Concentration
Concentration describes how much solute is present in a given amount of solution or solvent. A solution with more dissolved solute per given amount of solution has a higher concentration, provided the quantities are compared using the same measurement basis.
Simple Example
If the same volume of water is used in two containers, and more salt is dissolved in the second container, the second solution will generally have a higher salt concentration.
Revision point: Concentration and solubility are related concepts, but they do not mean exactly the same thing.
Methods of Separating Mixtures
Different mixtures require different separation techniques. The best method depends on the properties of the substances being separated.
| Method | Typical Use |
|---|---|
| Filtration | Separating an insoluble solid from a liquid, such as sand from water. |
| Evaporation | Recovering a dissolved solid from a solution, such as obtaining salt from salt water. |
| Distillation | Separating substances based on differences in volatility and boiling behaviour. |
| Magnetic separation | Removing a magnetic material, such as iron filings, from a suitable mixture. |
How to Revise This Topic
For effective preparation, practise matching each separation method to the correct type of mixture. Learn the difference between a solution and a suspension, and remember that a mixture does not have to involve a chemical reaction.
When answering MCQs, look for clues in the question. If an insoluble solid is mixed with a liquid, filtration may be appropriate. If a dissolved solid needs to be recovered from a solution, evaporation may be suitable.
Final Revision Checklist
- Know the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
- Identify the solute and solvent in a solution.
- Understand the meaning of concentration.
- Match common separation techniques with their uses.
- Practise MCQs and read the explanations carefully.
Study challenge: Explain in your own words how you would separate sand from water and recover dissolved salt from salt water.
Build Your Chemistry Knowledge Step by Step
This fifth practice article completes another stage of your chemistry revision. Revisit earlier topics such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, acids and bases, and chemical reactions to strengthen your overall understanding.
Educational notice: This is independent educational material for practice. It is not an official Pakistan Navy FMT examination paper, and the actual test may use different questions and formats.